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| 1455 |
| | | An engagement at St Albans is the first battle in the 30-year struggle between the white and red roses of York and Lancaster | |
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| 1460 |
| | | On the death of his father, James II, James III becomes king of Scotland | |
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| 1461 |
| | | The first success in the Wars of the Roses goes to the white rose, with the Yorkist prince crowned as Edward IV | |
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| 1461 |
| | | Henry VI flees to Scotland, abandoning the kingdom to the usurping Edward IV | |
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| 1469 |
| | | The Orkneys and Shetlands come into the possession of James III of Scotland with the dowry of Margaret of Denmark | |
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| 1475 |
| | | Edward IV, landing at Calais with a large army, is bought off at Picquigny with a bribe - ending his attempt to revive the Hundred Years' War | |
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| 1483 |
| | | The English king Edward IV dies and his succeeded by his 12-year-old son as Edward V | |
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| 1483 |
| | | The two royal princes, Edward V and his younger brother, are confined in the Tower of London by their uncle - soon to be Richard III | |
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| 1483 |
| | | Richard III has himself proclaimed king by a parliament held at Westminster, and begins a short reign of only two years | |
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| 1485 |
| | | Henry Tudor kills Richard III at Bosworth Field and takes the crown as Henry VII | |
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